Telegraph system



1472506 C. O. VAN DER VORT TELEGRAFH SYSTEM F1led Aug 24 1920 Oct. 30,1923.

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b Chur/es 0. Van der Vorf Patented Oct. 30, 1923.

UNITED STATES 1,472506 PATENT OFFICE,

CHA.RIJ% O. VAN IDEE VOR'1, 01' EAS'I ORANGE NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB. T0WEST- ERN ELECTRIC COMPAJN'Y, INGORPOBA'IED, OIF NEW YORK, N. Y., AGOBPOB.ATION\ O1 NEW YORK.

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Application lied August 24, 1sao. lerial m. 4o:seee.f

T0 all -wkom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES O. VAN DER Vom, a citizen of the United Sesresiding'at East' Orange, in the county 0 Essex and Statue of NewJersey, have invented certainnew, and useful Improvements in Telegraph Sstems, of whi0 h the following isa ful, clea1j Concise, und exactdescription.

This invention relates t o telegraph systems and apparatusand an object.of th mvention is to provid e an improved arrangement for relaying orrepeating signal eurrent impulses from one c'1rcuit to another.

Another object is the provision of a highspeed vibrat-ing relay which iseflicient und reliable in operation.

In'operating telegraph apparatus by peversals of current -over longtransmision lines, the loss of energy may become so great that'in orderto prevent mutilation of signals, with the customary Volt applied, amaterial -diminution in s must made. Moreover, when the lines aresubject to inductive disturbanoes resulting froin exposure to hightension or other telegraph circuits 01 other cause5, the currentimp1ilses may bec0me so distorted a3 to 'render 'reliable operation a1:the desired maximum Speed impossible with the present unangementsdmployed. It is therefor"e to Overcome these difliculties that thepresent invention is particularly adapted, alt hou h its use under othercircumstanoes ma.y be ound advantageous.

Broadly considered, the invention coucerns an electro-responsive devicesuch as, for example, a relay so constructe'ed und arranged that it isnormally in operation at a sgeed approximating that of the arrival oft eline signal current impulses, such impulses then merely being requiredt0 a'ssist or oppose the normal tendency, in order to cause an exactreproduction of the required efl'ects. More specifically, the i11ventioninvolves the use of a repeater or gelay having a plurality of windings,one of which 15 conneched in the'line circuit, iwhile the other, or whatmay. be termed the local or auxilia circnit winding, is so arrangedandassocxated in a local circuit with a resistance und capacity that therelay armature is nor'mally kept in vibration; the rate of vihration heing dependent g;;d cupable of bemg va med y the resistance and capawitemployed. he magnetic efl'ect of the ocal circuit winding is always lessthan the maximum efl'ect produced by line cu rrent impulses passingthrou'gh the line winding, und t-he connections are such, that when thearmature is on either of its co-operating coutacts the eflect 0f thewindin circuit opposes that of the Iine winding. While the armatu1e is'traveling between its contacts, transitory curmnts pas'sing throughthis local circuit winding aid the m'a3'netic efiacts produoed by theline winding. That is the eflects produced. by the transitory cur r6ntspassing through the local c'i1cuit winding are always in the samedirection as those roduced by the impulses passing throug the linewmding.

A relay similar in a number 0f respects to the one coveredherein andcomrnonly called the Gulstad relay has been known for some years inconnection with submarine be cable tele aphy. In 1;he Gulstad relay,

thre win ings am utilized and are termed line windings0pposin windingsand accelefating windings. e present invention ma be considered as animprovement of the ulstacl relay.

In the accolhpanying drawing, a relay strueture representing oneembodiment of the invention is shown, which, when cousidered inconjunction with the following description afl'ords a clearunderstandingof the invention.

The relay may be of the usual polar.type, having an armature 10 'pivotedat one end and adapted to eo-operate at the other with a pair ofcontacts 15 and 16 respectively conhected to the positive and negativ'eterminals o f a suitable grounded source of energy. Connected with thearmature 8 is a reoeiving apparatus R, such as an ordinary Wheatstonereceiyer.

About a suitable core is placeda winding 8 through which line currentimpulses ass produced by a transmitting, key 6 ocated at a distantstation. The transmitting mechanism has been shown in the form of a.key, but it is of course obvious that a transmitter such as the wellknown Wheatstone transmitter may be substitufd therefor.

In addition to the winding 8 there is provided a, sec w1ndi'nsz 9 Wh1ch1s in the 100a] cluded in a 100211 circuit. One termina1 013 the winding9 is connected With the ermature 10, while the other terminal isconnected t0 ground through a pair 0f variable resistances 11 and 12.Connected t0 one terminal of the Winding 9 and to a point intermediatethe two resistanoes 11 and 12 is a variable condenser 14. The values 0fthe resistances 11 and 12 are so chosen that the flovv of eurrentthrough the winding 9 mzyy be adjusted to compensate for any variationin the eunent tra.ve'rsing the 1ine winding 8. This therefore perrnitsthe adaptation of the re1ay t0 systems in which the voltage supplied isnot the Same.

WVith the arrangement heretofore de scribed, the relay is self-vilwatingin the following manner:

' \Vhen the armature 10 has just engaged contaet 16, a surge 0LE currentflows from the positive termina1 0f the battery t0 the condenser 14 foreharging the Same, and which also tends t0 retain the armature inengagement with contact 16. This is possible since the resistance 0f thepath including the condenser is much 1ess than t11e one ineluding thewinding 9. Therefore, unti1 the eondenser 14 is completely eharged,substantially no eurrent will fiow through this winding. Upon theaccumulation of a. charge on ehe condenser, eurrent then flows throughthe winding 9 and the resistances 11 and 12 in series t0 ground. Themomentary flow 0f eurrent through the winding 9 produees a ma neticefiect which, providmgthe 1ine win ing is not traversed by current, issufficient to eause the armature 10 to move from co ntact 16. As soon escontact 16 is broken, the charge accumulated on the condenser ispermitted to flow through the winding 9 and the resistance 11. Thearmature 10 will thereupon be carried into engagement with contact 15.When this contact is completed, the rocedure Out- 1ined above isrepeated; the rst momentary sur e of current charges the condenser antends to make a firmer eontaet between the arn1ature 10 and contaet 15.The magnetic effect produced by current flowing through winding 9, afterthe condenser has been completely charged, finally builds up to a valuesufiicient to statt the arme.- ture moving, after which the condenser isbrought into p1ay for accelerating the movement thereof.

The rate of vibration 0f armature 10 my be varied b altering the valuesof condenser 14 an resistances 11 und 12. Increasing the capacity 14decreases the rate of vibration, since the time required for the'condenser to beeome eompletely charged is longer. The rate 0f vibrationmay be increased by decreasing the value of the resista-noes 11 und. 12,sinoe under these conditions the magnetic eflect of winding 9 bui1ds upmore rapidly.

\Vith -the armatnre 10 in 'engagement With contact 16, und the negativeterminal 0f the battery conneeted with the 1ine winding 8 through acontuct on key 6, the resulting magnetic effect produeed by the twowindings is such as to retain the armetu1e agninst its engaged contact.Assuming that the relny is in the condition shown, und that i11e 1ineeurrent has started to reverse f101n its 1naximum negative va1ue t0positive, the magnetic effect producied by negative current passingthrough W1nding 8 is opposed by the efieet caused by the 100211 cu1rentthrough winding 9, but since the 1ine current is reversing, and itsmagnetic effeet is thereby decreasing, the resultant effect 0f holdingarmature 10 against contct 16 is likewise deereasing. As the 1inecurrent decreases in va1ue the resultant decrease final1y changing itsdirection when the effeet produced by winding 9 predominates, and whenthe predominance has reached a suflieient amount, the armature 10 iseaused 130 move. This may and usually does oecur, however, beforethe'line eurrent has reached the zero value in its reversal. The instantarmature 10 disengages contact 16, a surge is eaused by the discharge ofcondenser 14 through winding 9, as hereinbefore described. Immediatelyupon the engagement 0f anmature 10 with contact 15, current flows fromthe negative terminal 0f the battery to eha.rge the condenser, Whichtends to retain the armabure 10 in engagement with its contact. Themagnetic efieet 0f winding 9 builds up but '1t ean cause no movement ofthe annature 10 until the 1ine current starts to reverse in direction.

What is claimed is:

1. In a telegraph system the combination of an incoming telegraph line,a re1ay sonnected thereto comprising a 1ine winding, an armature servinas the core of said win ing, current supp y contacts cooperating wit-hsaid armature, a 1ocal circuit including a. winding arranged to producea magnetic eflect sufficient to move seid armature, und a condenserservingnpon the initial engagement of said armature with either of saidcontacts to retain seid armature in its actuated position, butsubsequently responsive to a diminution in the current in said linewinding m act on said loca1 winding during its entire discharge periodirrespective of the position of the armature.

2. In a telegraph System the combination of an incoming telegraph line,a relay conneeted thereto comprising an armature, (zurrent supp1ycontacts cooperating therewith, a. 1ine winding encircling seid armaturewhich formsthe core of said winding, s. 10021-1 circuit including awinding also encircling said armature and arranged 130 produce amagnetic eflect suflicient to move said armature, und a, condenserserving upon the initial en agement of said armature with either of saiconta'cts to retain said zumature in its actated osition, butsubsequently responsive to a. dnninution in the current. in said linewinding to act 0n sa.id local circuit winding during its entiredischarge period.

3. In a. telegraph system the combination of an incoming teleg1aph linea relay cannected thereto comprismg a iine winding, an armature,c'urrent sup ly contacts cooperating therewith, a local circuitincluding a winding encircling said armature and ar- 'xanged to producea magnetic' eifect sufl1- cient to move said armature which is therebymagnetically polarized, and a condenser serving upon the initialengagement of said armature with either of said contacts to retain saidarmature in its actuated position, but subsequently responsive t0 adiminu tion in the current in said line winding to act on said localwinding during its entire discharge period.

In w1tness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 17th day of AugustA. D. 1920.

CHARLES O. VAN DER VORT.

